The Fight Against Topics W/ Statistics for a Factual Argumentative Essay

<h1> The Fight Against Topics W/Statistics for a Factual Argumentative Essay</h1> <p>There are a great deal of overviews and measurements about separation on the web, subsequently it won't be too testing to even think about assembling the data you request. Additionally talk about the insurances that could help wedded couples keep away from strife. At the point when it has to do with separate, there are a few questionable topicsfor model, the reasons individuals separate or the impact of separation on kids. Attract a differentiation between separate from loads of countries, or assess the age and instruction of people who separate from all the more much of the time. </p> <p>Whether you are needing an influential exposition on separation or some other paper, we are here and arranged to help. Separation is in truth a serious wide subject, and you should limit it down. Contend should she be more earnestly to acquire. </p> <h2> The Fundamentals of Topics W/Statistics for a Factual Argumentative Essay Revealed </h2> <p>In picking your theme, it's much of the time a smart thought to begin with a subject which you as of now have some nature with. In numerous expert settings, aware argumentation is what prompts the development of new musings and points of view. </p> <p>The reason for existing is to convince your peruser your situation on a definite issue is valid. Among the absolute first and fundamental issues many face when they should make an enticing paper for school or for another goal is choosing a point. At the point when it is, you're progressively disposed to perform better with your test. </p> <p>Inspiration to make your own publicizing or media factious exposition subjects isn't precarious to find. You may keep on saving your contentious papers for your up and coming employment portfolio in the event that they're profoundly reviewed. On the off chance that your task is to make a family exposition, you can pick from a wide assortment of themes. </p> <p>When it has to do with composing a factious paper, the most critical issue to do is to choose a theme and a contention you can truly get behind. At the point when you're picking your theme, remember that it's a lot less difficult to expound on something which you at present have intrigue ineven on the off chance that you don't have the foggiest idea about a lot about it. On the off chance that there's an issue, there must be some arrangement. It is that everybody's translation of what makes a decent society is unique. </p> <p>Make sure that you examine the date a book was distributed, to make certain you're getting the most forward-thinking insights concerning a current issue or dubious theme, in the event that you require it. A few people may accept that the superb substance could be composed on any theme and the paper achievement is reliant just on the dominance of the essayist. On the off chance that you investigate sports article model from certain sites, you can get misdirecting subtleties. </p> <h2> The Fundamentals of Topics W/Statistics for a Factual Argumentative Essay Revealed </h2> <p>Below you can get some new knowledge regarding the matter. The more research you can improve at your forthcoming calling, the better. In the event that you select a subject a lot of like this one, you will stand out enough to be noticed right away. Instruction researchers are constantly developing the way that they consider how we realize and what's educated. </p> <p>When you are mentioned to settle on an incredible theme for your contention, start with something you're familiar with. It's basic not simply to flexibly the proof to reinforce your position yet additionally to discredit that of your rivals. Earlier introduction or information about a particular subject gives better knowing the past which may welcome improved contentions on the issue. Regardless of whether you think in a particular contention emphatically, on the off chance that you come up short on the proof to exhibit your point, at that point your contention may very well be as extraordinary as lost. </p> <p>As it's a notable subject, you'll should be extremely inventive to create your exposition novel. Sports article points may appear to be simple once you see them from a general viewpoint. It's critical to choose disputable pugnacious article subjects since you need restricting focuses you can counter to your own focuses. </p>

College Essay About Theatre

College Essay About TheatreIf you are asked to write a college essay about theatre, what should you write? The answer is more than possible, and you may have a lot of fun with it. You need to take your own personal bias out of the equation. Your essay will be unique and you will have a chance to show your creativity in the field of film.One of the advantages of studying about plays is that there is always something happening. If you are watching a play or a film now, it is always exciting to see what comes next. This can make you think of other dramatic situations and what would happen if you were the one creating them. You will also get ideas from actual events. You may want to do a little research on the past to find out how plays were staged and performed so you can make the future dramatic as well.A good idea is to look into the details of what goes on in a play before you try to write about it yourself. It is best to read the script first and to see the costumes, props, set desi gn, and sets before you begin writing. This will give you a better idea of how to start. You will be able to write about the characters and their relationship to each other and how they are involved in what happens in the play.Another way to prepare is to see a play yourself, to learn how it was performed. Go online and see a preview of a play you like, and then take notes about how the actors are moving and acting. You can use these as a guide to help you improve your playwriting skills.Keep in mind that this kind of writing requires some writing skills. You need to be organized and thorough when you are making a paper or essay. You will also need to have some knowledge of the subject matter you are writing about. You might not be an expert in Shakespeare, but you can learn how to learn by reading other plays and reading plays you enjoy.Some writers claim to be experts in the area of theatre and they are probably not too familiar with literary achievements, but they can still contr ibute to your essay. A few examples are playing themselves, quoting Shakespeare, or researching and preparing for the best plays. They can give you some advice about how a play has been staged and performed. They can help you become familiar with the best of the best plays.You should always feel free to engage with the plays you are writing about because they are all different from each other. Some people find comfort in reading stories written by themselves and others may be looking for that escape from the everyday stresses of life, but no matter what, if you love the play, you should be able to express that love in your essay. You should be able to show how you feel about your play through your own words.As you can see, a college essay about theatre is as wide open as the field itself. You can have a lot of fun writing about the subject and you can apply the topics of a play to your personal life. It can be done. And you should do it.

Writing An Argumentative Essay - Types Of Essays Related To Domestic Violence

Writing An Argumentative Essay - Types Of Essays Related To Domestic ViolenceWhen you write an argumentative essay, you are engaging in a highly stressful activity that can be difficult for the mind to process. You must remember that the essay you write is not a short essay that anyone can copy and then write. The essay you write needs to be unique. If you do not know what makes a good argumentative essay, then find out by reading other essay essays online.In arguing against domestic violence, many times people will attempt to prove the value of their position. The problem with this strategy is that it focuses on the evidence in favor of your position. Often it is a little bit of tactics, rather than the reason why you are writing the essay. There is nothing wrong with being tactical when writing a persuasive essay, but your reasoning must also support the position you are making. You must be able to do this well if you want to have an argumentative essay that can stand up to the scr utiny of a reader.Writing an argumentative essay is not difficult to learn. By studying a lot of essays online, you will quickly become familiar with the proper techniques that will assist you to develop a solid essay that will stand the test of time. If you want to learn to write an argumentative essay, you can read through a few essay topics related to domestic violence. Many people choose to use essays related to domestic violence as their argumentative essay because they focus on the reasons why domestic violence should not be tolerated. One of the key points made in these essays is that abuse is not acceptable and it is the responsibility of those in power to help stop abuse. By using arguments that are common sense, these essays help to inform readers.As you are learning how to write an argumentative essay, consider trying to write a strong argument. Of course you must start with an analysis and then you must build upon that. To make a good argumentative essay, you must rely o n several different types of evidence. In this way, you will be able to make a strong argument with sufficient justification. Try to learn to put together a convincing argument based on logic and reason. Once you begin to work at analyzing and building upon your argument, you will quickly develop the skill that will allow you to write an argumentative essay.Remember that writing an argumentative essay is not an easy task, but it is one that you will need to learn to do. When you do decide to write an argumentative essay, do not expect to be an expert in a short period of time. In order to develop your argumentative skills, you will need to work at it for some time.To help you find good essay topics related to domestic violence, you should search online. You will quickly see that there are many different essay topics online that are relevant to your personal situation. You will also find that many of these essays are free to read online. Be sure to keep in mind that when you download these essays that you will likely have to agree to terms and conditions that will state that you will not sell or give away these essays.The best way to learn how to write an argumentative essay is to find a topic you are interested in and write one. You will soon find that the topics you find are always interesting and entertaining. However, it is important to keep in mind that the essay you write needs to have your reasoning backed up by evidence and facts.

How Mark Twain Influenced American Literature - 1641 Words

How Mark Twain Influenced American Literature When you think of the start of American Literature, what comes to your mind? Authors such as Walt Whitman, Ernest Hemmingway, Emily Dickinson, Charles Dickens, and Mark Twain stick out in our minds. They were the face of post-civil war and social realism poetry. Today we will take a closer look at Mark Twain, who was also known as the â€Å"Father† of American Literature. His work has survived more than 100 years after his death. Mark Twain was born in 1835, as Samuel Clemens in the town of Florida, Missouri. He was the youngest out of 6 children born to John and Jane Clemens. He grew up knowing the hardships of being poor. At times, his family struggled with being able to put food on the†¦show more content†¦The Civil War in 1861 shattered his dream job. He was no longer allowed to be a pilot because of the war. Instead of flying, he joined the war. This was also short-lived for him. It lasted for about only 2 weeks. It seemed that his dreams were dying out fast. He next decided to travel out West. Where he worked for another local Newspaper. He developed the alter ego name â€Å"Mark Twain† during this time. In 1869, Mark Twain wrote and published his first book â€Å"The Innocents Abroad†. Sam married his soulmate, Olivia in 1870. They moved to Hartford, Connecticut in 1871 and started a family. The story â€Å"Roughing It† was published in 1872 and the following year â€Å"The Gilded Age†, which was a story about politics and the corrupt people involved, was published. The money was fruitful from these books. His family and himself stayed in Hartford for the next 17 years. Well-known stories such as â€Å"The Adventures of Huck Finn†, â€Å"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn†, â€Å"Life on the Mississippi†, â€Å"The Prince and the Pauper†, and â€Å"Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court† got their first start here. In 1891, they were forced to move to Europe due to bankruptcy from Samuel’s enjoyment of investing into failing inventions. Shortly after, one of their daughters died from illness, and Samuel once again witnessed more death. In the 1900’s, his writings became more depressing. They focused on failing humanity. Whether he started toShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mark Twain s Works Made A Huge Impact On Readers And Literary Critics1288 Words   |  6 Pages2/ 26/17 P:2 Outline Mark Twain’s works made a huge impact on readers and literary critics. His writing occurred during both the romantic and realist time eras in American Literature. He has simple, seemingly artless narrators and an understated style leads readers to arrive at the social commentary of his narratives on their own. Mark Twain’s writing influenced society because he created a new perspective on life with the views pointed out in his books. The distinctive trait of Twain s was his senseRead MoreHuckleberry Finn American Literature Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pages American literature is a piece literary of work during and after the formation of the United States that is not only written by American authors, but is influenced and reflects on the nation’s past and truths (good or bad), values, ideology, or traditions. A prime example of American literature is Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. He exposes and reflects on the truth about slavery and racism during the 1870s, proves how Huck s view has been formed society, includes American characteristicsRead MoreMark Twain- American Author664 Words   |  3 PagesSome of the most riveting books in not just American literature but in all of history, was written by this famous author. Twain, an American writer, is one of the major authors of American fiction. Also, he is considered the greatest humorist in American literature (Alan Gribben, np). Mark Twain was influenced by the society’s conditions he lived in, hence the incorporation of much of it in his writing. Growing up in the 1870s, Twain’s society was much different than growing up now. He grew up duringRead MoreThe Revolutionary Novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain1533 Words   |  6 Pages Mark Twain’s novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is one of the most controversial pieces of American literature; loved by many but detested as well. It is arguably one of the most important bildungsroman, and one of the first modern pieces of literature. The novel addresses issues such as slavery, racism, religion, and social consciousness, in a way that no one could write about it, except Mark Twain. Not only does it address these issues, it also satirizes them, which is what makesRead MoreExamples Of Hypocrisy In The Adventures Of Huck Finn1542 Words   |  7 PagesHow has man’s inhumanity towards man shaped society? 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Mark Twain s novel demonstrates the subjects of racism andRead MoreEssay on A Brief Biography of Mark Twain1322 Words    |  6 Pageswas born on November 30, 1835. Clemons grew up in a town called Hannibal, Missouri. Here Sam Clemens saw an array of different type of people pass through his town. People such as: gamblers, entertainers, thieves, and even slave traders that influenced his childhood memories. We see traces of his rugged hometown deeply embedded with southern tradition. Clemens was known as a mischievous boy that smoked, led of crew of pranksters, and often played hooky from school. At the age of twelve ClemensRead MoreThe Man Known as Mark Twain1188 Words   |  5 PagesMark Twain The man known as Mark Twain was born Samuel Clemens in Florida, Missouri on April 30, 1835. Samuel Langhorne Clemens was welcomed into the world as the sixth child of John Marshall and Jane Lampton Clemens. Little did they know their son (as Mark Twain) would be one of Americas most famous literary icons. Samuel got the name Mark Twain from the current of the river. He loved the rivers and everything about it. Mark Twains writing style was heavily influenced by the people and areaRead MoreFor Many Years, Romanticism Dominated English Literature,1294 Words   |  6 Pagesyears, Romanticism dominated English literature, and consequently American literature, as American writers were heavily influenced by the English. Writers like Poe and Hawthorne were leaders in this form of literature. As thinking changed scientifically, philosophically and spiritually, so did literature. Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn showed American culture in a way it had never been shown, and in doing so became arguably the most famous piece of realist literature. His novel exemplifies the rejectionRead MoreEssay on Ethnic Literature959 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Literature Paper Randy Hale University of Phoenix ENG.301 American Ethic Literature Michael Cromwell December 24, 2012 American Ethic Literature Paper What makes American literature American? American literature is just that American literature. American literature is stories of people lives that are based on American standards. Early American standards where based around slavery and oppression but now they are based on freedoms like freedom of speech and press. America has

Developmental Theories and Family Work Models

Question: Discuss about theDevelopmental Theories and Family Work Models. Answer: Introduction It is worth noting that social interaction is crucial to the society as there is mutual understanding and commendable benefits reaped from the process. The social work as a subject goes further to elaborate various element of interaction and their purpose in the community. In an art shell, analyzing developmental theories and collaborative family work model is critical. Piagets Cognitive Development Theory Piaget theory on cognitive development focuses on the observable feature that is evident during the growing of a child. To assist in the comprehension of development in children and young people, Piaget narrowed the subject by providing terms that described several processes of growth. Schemata are generally the concepts that are mental based (Bjorklund Causey, 2017). That is, as children are exposed to areas where they can receive new information, they are efficiently molding and organizing their mental capabilities. Adaptation is a term basically used to explain the organization of minds by the children as they go on with perceptions in their environmental settings. Information arising from their invention is properly absorbed and helps them deepen their cognitive abilities (Johnson, McWilliams, Goodman, Shelley Piper, 2016). If new information is provided to children, there is a possibility that imbalance will be experienced, and they are bound to get confused as they as they ap proach several lanes of growth. To ensure that balance is maintained adaptation is acknowledged through either accommodation or assimilation (Bjorklund Causey, 2017). By assimilation is to mean, adding new information to what the child already knows. Accommodation is the ladder on which intellectual capacity is developed. It entails the adjustment of what the person already knows to fit the new information. Piagets theory encompasses four stages of development that are significant to the understanding of children progressive life that is gradual in nature. Sensor motor stage occurs in between birth and the age of two years (Demetriou, Shayer Efklides, 2016). At this stage, there is the utilization of explorations thus leading to strengthened motor and sensory developments, which paves way for mental development. At this stage, they attempt to practice their abilities through physical actions such as grasping and sucking. Furthermore, movements are seen to be random but as the time goes, they become intentional. The preoperational stage takes place between the age of two and seven (Demetriouet al., 2016). At this time, the children are egocentric. This means that they seem to assume that people value and see the nature the same way as they do. In addition, they do not have time to accommodate the ideas of others. On the other hand, skills based on presentation are learned. They are also able to learn new; languages, drawing, and symbolic play. Moreover, children are able to differentiate between shape and size. Concrete operations stage begins between the ages of seven to eleven years. While at this stage children are become more informed and begin to think critically when referring to the particular objects. They are not dependent on what was seen in the past because their level of internalizing things has developed. Formal operations stage is attained from the age of eleven years to adulthood (Demetriou et al., 2016). At such a stage individuals are capable of thinking critically and purely and reasoning and problem-solving skills are evident at this stage. Eriksons Psychosocial Theory This theory suggests that development takes place throughout the life of an individual. The interaction, personality, and skills of the children are developed depending on the social setting (Syed, 2015). The theory has led to the emergence of Eriksons eight stages of development. Due to the fact that each of these stages is faced with conflicts that can be solved, teachers and parents are supposed to provide support to the children if need be to prevents the conflict from worsening. Trust versus mistrust stage occurs during the first one and half years of life (Syed, 2015). At this juncture, the children need to be loved, kept clean, and provided with attentive care. Mistrust comes in when the environment is harsh and unpredictable. Freedom versus doubt and shame stage happens between the age of eighteen months and three years. At this stage, the children learn to walk and exercise their mental skills. They demand the freedom to feed, clothe and move by them. If the supportive environment is provided, their autonomy is exercised, failure to which shame and self-doubt arise (Syed, 2015).Initiative versus guilt stage comes in between three and five years. The children develop new skills and proper ways of dealing with different people in the society taking caution not to hurt anyone. Industry and inferiority stage is experienced between six and twelve years. The children are hardworking following the motivation is given by the members of the community. Poor treatment by teachers and other stakeholders impacts negatively on the children yielding frustrations, incompetence, and state of insecurity. Identity versus role confusion is the teenage stage whereby the teenagers are faced with adolescence and in an effort to identify themselves. If offered with the freedom to explore different social avenues, these individuals can realize themselves. Intimacy and isolation stage entails engaging in a serious relationship that is believed to be worthwhile (Hart, 2013). Failure to form intimate relationship leads to isolation and broken hearts. Generativist versus stagnation stage is experienced when the individual attempts to gauge the success and failures. At such a time the person is willing to help the society which collectively leads to generativists. For the self-centered people, a sense of stagnation is created due to low and poor productivity. Ego integrity versus despair stage occurs as people tend toward the end of life (Hart, 2013). Those who achieved a lot of success and supported others are full of a sense of ego integrity while those who wasted their time doing nothing end up with a feeling of despair. Application of Piaget and Erikson theory to Social Work Practice with Young People, Families and Children. The society strictly observes all the above-mentioned stages of development and ensures balance is maintained at all levels. Children growing at the infancy and toddler stage develop their cognitive skills, by the way of touch and taste (Bornstein Bradley, 2014). Therefore, it is not logic for the community to offer enough space for exploration due to the harsh consequences that might arise. The children end up eating and drinking anything they come across thereby proper control is upheld to ensure a healthy and safe society. The children and the young people are exposed to a free environment for talents exposure that enables them to pursue in life (Bornstein Bradley, 2014). On the other hand, there is the provision of cultural education to the children so that as they grow, they should be able to have self-respect. Developing self-respect enables someone to respect others hence those demanding stages of development are cautiously exercised. For instance, the puberty stage leaves many young adults distressed as a result of unwanted pregnancy and drug abuse (Lantolf, Thorne, Poehner, 2015). The society maintains that with right education on norms and cultures, right behavior is adopted. The Families are equipped with the knowledge of handling the young with the father and mother dictating the direction of their children. Due to different rates of growth, there is the need for close monitoring of the children to prevent them from moral decay and atrocities in the community (Lantolf et al., 2015. Since the child is capable of learning from observation family members should exercise positive thinking and the right approach to doing things to ensure the correct actions are copied and pasted into the childrens minds. In short, by exhaustively practicing the fore mentioned theories and integrating the m with traditions and cultures of the society, healthy living will be highly appreciated. GroupTheories of Development, Important Factors to Social Work and their Applicability Every social set up must recognize the observance of social standards crucial to guide the behavior of the individuals. Sigmund Freuds theory of morality principle pinpoints the internalized social values that allow people to differentiate between wrong and good (Nelson, Goodfriend, 2014). Therefore, morality is a key factor towards a healthy living in the society. Social work appreciates the controlled behavior of the infants to contain vices that might arise as a result of the oral stage by Freud. Sucking and eating may lead to oral fixation by the children thereby exposing them to overeating, thumb-sucking, and smoking (Nelson, Goodfriend, 2014). Since the moral values of social work heavily oppose such vices, it becomes critical induce control over the issue. Social work operates in a clean environment. Anal stage by Freud indicates that too much pressure to toilet training brings a sense of cleanliness in future while little pressure may result in destructive behaviors. Jean Piaget view on cognitive development brings in the attention towards an understanding society (Ramakrishnan, Barker, Vervoordt, Zhang, 2017). In several instances, teachers and parents have been involved in beat to death cases with their children due to the misunderstanding growing between them. By comprehending that childrens reasoning grows with age, it is a remedy to chaos and quarrels arising in the families today. Industrious society can be achieved if at all children are granted the care they need during growth (Parkay, Anctil, Hass, 2014). Erikson noted that at the age of six to eleven years, children tend to portray hard work and at the same time inferiority may be experienced. There is the essence of following the requirements of this stage to avoid mental imbalances by motivating and appreciating th e children (Crain, 2015). The family can teach the young adults how to engage in an intimate relationship through civil education. Alerting them to the importance of an upright intimacy will enable them to be selective and make the right choices of partners, hence building their lives positively. In short, all the developmental theories are important and should be exercised to enhance productivity and growth of the society. Elements of Collaborative Family Work Model Collaborative family work model is basically a developmental forum focusing on the importance of cooperation in enabling families to formulate strategies and acquire skills necessary to improve their lives. Understanding the elements of collaborative family work model is critical to social work (Madsen, 2014). To begin, implementation of programs and policies that offer financial and emotional support to the familys needs are essential. Not all the families have the potential to sustain themselves irrespective of the wealth and their backgrounds (Cohn White, 2012). Therefore, the program ensures coming together of all the stakeholders to assist one another to keep the society going. Encouraging family to family networking entails harmony between family members to create a mutual benefit in the long run. Sharing of unbiased information with the parents on a continuous basis is important. This implies that young adults and children are bound to get support to cope with life issues if they are open to not only their parents but also other family members. Comprehending the developmental needs of the teenagers, children, and infants also ensure proper growth of these individuals (Regina, 2011). Respecting various methods of coping and recognition of individualism and family strengths is essential. Acknowledging the ethnic, cultural and racial aspects of the families also becomes a key concern. The contribution of Collaborative family work model in guiding social work interventions with families. To begin, the discrimination of families on ethnic, racial and cultural backgrounds needs to be avoided. The model appreciates all the families and that they are equal hence by combining effort, the society can propel forward. The aspect respecting capabilities and strengths of different members of the family is critical (Jung, 1991). For instance, car washing, welding, and plumbing might be assumed to be jobs for the poorly educated but the fact remains that those individuals are earning out of their hard work. Therefore, there is no need to neglect such members of the society. The model appreciation of the development of the infants and the young adults becomes a primary issue in the families. Provision of sanitary towels to girls speaks more of a healthy environment than a situation where these ladies are left on their own. Insisting on the family networking still, has positive impacts that are experienced up to date (Hartman Laid, 1983). Social work also encourages members of the community to uphold togetherness to help curb problems of insufficiency. On the basis of financial support, the social work intervenes to ensure families engage in sharing more so during the time of need (Madsen, 2014). There exist externalities such as diseases and deaths of family members that leave families financially unstable. Therefore, there is the need for coming together and support one another for a fruitful living. Conclusion Conclusively, the developmental theories are crucial to the understanding of the children and their levels of growth. In addition, the caregivers are equipped with the knowledge necessary to allow them to provide extra support to the future generation. The collaborative family work model highlights the entire significant elements be practiced by any given family to ensure reaping of the benefits at the personal level and the community at large. References Bornstein, M. H., Bradley, R. H. (Eds.). (2014).Socioeconomic status, parenting, and child development. Routledge. (375-378) Cohn, O. White, C. (2012). Bringing Systems Thinking to Life expanding the horizons for Bowen Family Systems Theory. ONLINE ACCESS (302-308) Crain, W. (2015).Theories of development: Concepts and applications. Psychology Press. (87-91) Decker, C. A. (1990).Children--the Early Years. Goodheart-Willcox Company. (75-93) Demetriou, A., Shayer, M., Efklides, A. (Eds.). (2016).Neo-Piagetian Theories of Cognitive Development: Implications and Applications for Education. Routledge. (18-26) Hart, R. A. (2013).Children's participation: The theory and practice of involving young citizens in community development and environmental care. Routledge. (12-35) Hartman, A. Laid, J. (1983). Family Centered Social Work Practice. From Library. (18-30) Johnson, J. L., McWilliams, K., Goodman, G. S., Shelley, A. E., Piper, B. (2016). Basic Principles of Interviewing the Child Eyewitness. InForensic Interviews Regarding Child Sexual Abuse(pp. 179-195). Springer International Publishing. Jung, M. (1991). Family Centered Practice.Families in Society. v. 77(9). (522-523) Lantolf, J. P., Thorne, S. L., Poehner, M. E. (2015). Sociocultural theory and second language development.Theories in second language acquisition: An introduction, 207-226. Madsen.W. (2014). Applications of Collaborative Helping Maps: Supporting Professional Development, Supervision and work in Teams in Family-Centered Practice.Family Process. V53 (1). pp 3-21. Nelson, K., Goodfriend, W. (2014). Special Features Conducting Psychological Analysis: Dramatic.Journal Contents,19(2), 23-25. Parkay, F. W., Anctil, E. J., Hass, G. (2014).Curriculum leadership: Readings for developing quality educational programs. Prentice Hall. (339-445) Ramakrishnan, S., Barker, C. D., Vervoordt, S., Zhang, A. (2017). Rethinking Cross-Cultural Adaptability Using Behavioral Developmental Theory: An Analysis of Different Migrant Behaviors. (122-125) Regina, W. (2011). Applying Family Systems theory to mediation: A Practitioners guide. ONLINE ACCESS. (115-119) Syed, M. (2015). Emerging Adulthood: Developmental Stage, Theory, or Nonsense?The Oxford handbook of emerging adulthood, (11-25)

Conservation of the Table Mountain Ghost Frog Essay Example

Conservation of the Table Mountain Ghost Frog Essay A researched examination into the critically endangered frog species, Heleophryne rosei, with specific regard to its habitat, ecology and population. In addition to the various threats this species faces and conservation actions implemented to safe–guard its remaining numbers. L. S. Maistry 212510816 Department of Life Sciences , University of KwaZulu – Natal, Private Bag X 01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa . Submitted: 19 August 2013The focus of this assignment is a researched exploration into the existence of the critically endangered frog species, Heleophryne rosei, or as it is commonly referred to, the Table Mountain ghost frog (Minter et al 2004). Particular attention shall be paid to describing its habitat, ecology and population. Furthermore, the threats encountered by the species in addition to conservation methods implemented to safeguard its already severely declining numbers and the various implicit consequences of this , will be discusse d.The class Amphibia is an extremely fascinating and diverse one and has over the centuries astounded and intrigued not only the scientific community but society at large (Attenborough 2008). Amphibians are ectothermic, biphasic, tetrapods (Auerbach 1987). Their integral role in the ecosystem and various food webs is most certainly undeniable (Campbell et al 2011). From a taxonomic standpoint, frogs are a varied group of typically short, tailless Amphibians composing the order Anura (Auerbach 1987).More specifically, the species of concern to this particular assignment, the Table Mountain ghost frog, further belongs to the family Heleophrynidae (Caldwell et al 1993). This spectacular yet highly elusive frog species , resemble other Heleophryne species in terms of their morphologies , with specific respect to their body shapes , posture , elongated limbs and large , highly webbed and adhesive fingers and toes (Channing 2001) . In contrast with other species within this family, the Ta ble Mountain ghost frog differs in that it has an enlarged thumb-like inner metacarpal tubercle (Duellman; Trueb 1986).Also it does not possess a transverse band through the eye (Caldwell et al 1993). Further, the dorsum is green in colour with a dark maroon to purple mottling (De Villiers). Additionally, in terms of identification, the ventrum possesses a typically a pinkish-white shading, especially on the undersides of the limbs which itself has a particularly granular texture (Channing 2001). Adults range in approximate size from 50 mm for males to 63 mm for females, given in terms of snout-vent length (Poynton 1960).These morphological characteristics have enabled the Table Mountain ghost frog to fully exploit its various ecological niches in addition to best surviving and adapting to its conditions and habitat (De Villiers 1997). This species in particular, occupies a highly restricted range with a documented extent of occurrence being recorded at approximately 7-8 km? (Passmo re; Carruthers 1995). It is endemic to the southern and eastern slopes of Table Mountain which is situated in the Western Cape, South Africa (Channing 2001).The Table Mountain ghost frog is known to inhabit streams and moist, forested gorges (De Villiers 1997). Through careful observation, it has been noted that some non-breeding, adult members of the species occupy caves and have been found in narrow rock crevices (Power; Rose 1929). Morphological adaptations, as afore mentioned have led to the colonisation of such habitats by this species. Their highly webbed toes, with suction-like feet enable it to climb rocky, vertical facing slopes and easily navigate fast flowing streams (Channing 2001). Whilst it’s compressed, squat body enables it to hide in small crevices.The species lives in forest and vynbos heathlands whilst breeding in gorges, valleys and ravines on Table Mountain (Minter et al 2004). As the tadpoles of this species require in excess of a year to undergo metamor phosis it has proved imperative that there is perennial water to facilitate this development and general reproductive success (Passmore; Carruthers 1995). Unfortunately, the Table Mountain ghost frog’s numbers are in a state of perpetual declining (De Villiers 1997), this is due to a number of various factors which shall be discussed further within the contents of this assignment.Due to its general rarity and further elusive behaviour, in addition to the fact that this species is far from highly distributed, the accurate studying of population numbers and trends has proved difficult for herpetologists (Goombridge 1994). Gravid females have been noted during the period of October through December whilst advertisement calls have been heard during the month of December which coincides with the lower level and slower tides experienced during this period (De Villiers 1997). The close observations of ot only the Table Mountain ghost frog, but also weather and hydrological condition s have enabled populations to be better studied. Despite being situated in a protected natural environment, the Table Mountain ghost frog still faces numerous threats to its already diminishing populations (Channing 2001). Due to the nature of the location of the area its endemic to, human disturbance is a key threat. Table Mountain is situated within the bustling, epicenter of the metropolitan city of Cape Town, in addition to which it is a major eco-tourism location (Poynton 1960).Human disturbance is thus almost inevitable and so too is the subsequent introduction of disease (De Villiers 1997). Erosion is another substantial threat the species faces. Erosion would be most likely as a result of alien vegetation, the high levels of pedestrian foot traffic the area experiences as a result of being such a tourist hot spot as well as over grazing (Minter et al 2004). This all reduces run-off and stream flow which pose dire consequences for the species and their water dependent reprodu ction habits and tadpoles (Channing 2001).A further threat faced is the occurrence of too frequent fires and poor forestry practices, which leads to streams becoming blocked with sediment (Minter et al 2004). Water flow is further restricted with the construction of dams and reservoirs for human use (Morris; Camino 2010). In fairly recent times, global warming has become yet another monumental threat to the Table Mountain ghost frog’s numbers as reduced rainfall as a result may lead to a further loss of perennial streams, once more posing severe threats to the population numbers (Minter et al 2004).Also in recent years, a serious fungal disease strain, known as, chytridiomycosis has been found in some species of this already critically endangered species (Hyatt et al 2007). This particular fungal infection , which attacks the sensitive skin of the species which is essential to their respiration and thus survival, has been known to lead to dramatic declines in amphibian number s in very short periods of time (Hyatt et al 2007).In terms of conservation, several measures have been established to best ensure population numbers may be kept as stable as possible, as is very evident complete extinction of this marvelous species is indeed a reality (De Villiers 1997). Especially since local extinction has occurred in some parts of Table Mountain (Channing 2001). It has been estimated that the number of tadpoles in Skeleton gorge (an area the species has long been associated with) has decreased by 50 % since 1980 (Hyatt et al 2007).The range of the Table Mountain ghost frog is included within the Table Mountain National Park and Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, which in itself is incorporated into the Cape Floristic World Heritage Site (Minter et al 2004). The species is monitored by the Western Cape Nature Conservation Board as a part of the threatened species program (Lips 1998). In addition Cape Nature carefully monitors the species, with particular att ention being afforded to erosion and alien vegetation control and the regulation and maintenance of perennial stream flow (Gascon et al 2007).It is hoped the rigid implementation of these measures may assist in regulating the rapidly diminishing populations of the Table Mountain ghost frog (Minter et al 2004). As always, increasing knowledge of the status of the Table Mountain ghost frog and the various conservation efforts in place, amongst the general public is a most imperative step in protecting is populations and generating awareness of its plight (De Villiers 1997). The loss of this species would not only be detrimental in terms of biodiversity but the ramifications of such would be far reaching in terms of its effect on food webs in the area (Gascon et al 2007).In conclusion, after a detailed exploration into the habitat, ecology, population and even morphology of the elusive Table Mountain ghost frog a true appreciation for this elusive species may be attained. Such interest in this species is vital considering its current status being at the critically endangered level. After an analysis of the threats this species face, which was discussed through the contents of this assignment, the severity of the reality the table Mountain Ghost frog are confronted with is indeed daunting.One may hope the conservation efforts implemented would suffice to bring this magnificent creature from the brink of total extinction. ATTENBOROUGH, D. 2008. Between the water and land. In: Life in cold blood, pp. 41-43. Princeton University Press, London. AUERBACH, R. D. 1987. Herpetology. In: Amphibians and reptiles of Botswana, pp. 2-6. Mokwepa Consultants, Republic of Botswana. CALDWELL, J. P. , VITT, L. J. amp; ZUG, G. R. 1993. Anura. In: Herpetology-An introductory biology of Amphibians and Reptiles, 2nd edn, pp 69-371. Academic Press, New York. CAMPBELL, N. A. , REECE J. B. , URRY, L. A. , CAIN, M. L. , WASSERMAN, S. A. , MINORSKY, P. V. amp; JACKSON, R. B. 2007. Amphibian s. In: Essential biology, 3rd edn, pp. 362-364. Pearson Benjamin Cummings, United States of America. CAMPBELL, N. A. , REECE J. B. , URRY, L. A. , CAIN, M. L. , WASSERMAN, S. A. , MINORSKY, P. V. amp; JACKSON, R. B. 2011. Amphibians. In: Biology, 9th edn, pp. 758 – 761. Pearson Benjamin Cummings, United States of America. CHANNING, A. 2001.Amphibians of Central and Southern Africa. Cornell University Press, London. DE VILLIERS, A. L. 1997. Monitoring the distribution and conservation status of threatened amphibians in the South Western Cape. In: Proceedings of the Third H. A. A. Symposium on African Herpetology, pp. 142-148. Herpetological Association of Africa, Stellenbosch. DUELLMAN, W. E. amp; TRUEB, L. 1986. Biology of Amphibians. McGraw-Hill, New York. GASCON, C. , COLLINS, J. P. MOORE, R. D. , CHURCH, D. R. , McKAY, J. E. amp; MENDELSON III, J.R. (2007) Amphibian Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC. Amphibian Specialist Group, Cambridge. GOOMBRIDGE, B. (ed. ) 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. HYATT, A. D. , BOYLE, D. G. amp; Olsen V. 2007. Diagnostic assays and sampling protocols for the detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 73: 175–192. LIPS, K. R. 1998. Decline of tropical montane amphibian fauna. Conservation biology 12:106-117 MEMERING, D. 1989. Organizing research writing.In: The Prentice Hall guide to Research writing, 2nd edn, pp 205 -245. Prentice Hall Int, United States of America. MINTER, L. R. , BURGER, M. , HARRISON, J. A. , BRAACK. , BISHOP, P. J. amp; KLOEPFER, D. (eds) 2004. Atlas and Red Data book of the frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. SI/MAB biodiversity. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. MORRIS, J. amp; CAMINO, M. 2010. Economic assessment of Freshwater, Wetland and Floodplain ecosystem services. UK National Ecosystem Assessment, Cranfield University, Cranfield.PASSMORE, N. I. amp; CARRUTHERS, V. C. 1995. South African Frogs. 2 nd Edition. Southern Book Publishers and Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg. POWER, H. J. amp; ROSE. W. 1929. Notes on the habits and life-histories of some Cape Peninsula Anura. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 14:405-442 POYNTON, J. C. 1960. The Amphibia of Southern Africa. Ph. D. thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. ___________________________________________________________________

kites essays

kites essays Kites have been around for centuries and have been used for many purposes from recreation to warfare. They soar high in the sky with beautiful patterns and wonderful ease. However, there is a lot that goes into the ease and grace of kites in order to make them fly like birds. Kites gave us the balloon, the glider, and the airplane and have captivated the hearts of the young and the old for centuries. Kites have brought pleasure to numerous builders and fliers of any age, occupation, and country. Kites were originally from Asia and are thought to be invented in China over three thousand years ago. The name kite means a graceful bird of prey. Supposedly the Chinese military used to attach bamboo pipes to the kites. When the wind passed through the kites it would create a noise, which would cause the troops to flee. There are many rituals that involve kites, most of which are religious. The Chinese build kites to represent dragons, which represent Chinese folklore. In Malaysia, kites flying over a house at night are believed to keep away evil spirits(Baker 8). In Korea, when a child is born, his or her name is inscribed onto a kite and let into the wind. Supposedly, the evil spirits and bad luck fly away with the kite. Moreover, kites were used in warfare. People in Asia flew materials over bodies of water, such as ropes, in order to build bridges. Large kites could even lift humans, which meant they could be used in warfare(Baker 8). In 169 B.C. it is said that a Chinese general sent soldiers on kites to observe how long a tunnel would need to be to reach the city walls. Old Japanese prints show archeries suspended from kites shooting down at the enemy beneath(Baker 8). Kites were also useful in World War II. Rafts were equipped with box kites (Gibson Girl) that had radio antennas so that they could send out S.O.S. signals. Kites did not attract serious attention until the 1...